Overweight and obesity have reached epidemic proportion amongst all classes in the richer nations and the affluent amongst the developing nations. It is now well known that the problem is related more to the lifestyle, particularly the type of food consumed and the lack of adequate physical activity. Increasingly the food that is available in the super markets and departmental stores are processed food. The processed food suits the hectic life style as they are ready to consume and require very little preparation.
The entry and predominance of beverages and junk food or fast food in our dietary practices are now reckoned to be the primary cause of obesity and overweight. The weight loss market too has been expanding alongside the increase in the number of the overweight. The market for various solutions such as the restructured diet, diet food, herbal appetite suppressant, medication and also surgeries is expanding. There are also a variety of publications and e-books on how to burn belly fat and how to burn away fat and build muscles. Professionals and fitness centers too offer advices.
The food industry processes fresh food using various technologies for the purpose of retaining freshness for longer time, increased shelf life and protection of the food from bacterial infection. The techniques used include pasteurization, cooling, autoclaving, drying, salting and separation of various components. The processed food can be consumed without any further preparation or with minimal preparation. The processed food is available in a wide range leaving the consumers to make a choice from amongst them.
Separation techniques such as centrifugation, pressing and milling are used to extract juices, flour, oils etc as well as minerals, amino acids, fatty acids and vitamins. These processes modify the nutrient content of the food. Phytochemicals, vitamins and other substances are often lost when food is heated. The nutritional value of the food is modified and lowered. The need to enrich the processed food with additional important nutrient arises as a result. The processed food is inferior in terms of nutrient value when compared to the fresh wholesome food. Fresh foods have more sodium, GI starches, fiber, potassium, unoxidized essential fatty acids and vitamins. Harmful substances such as oxidized fats and trans fatty acids are often found in processed food.